Physicochemical Properties and Functional Group Characteristics of Kacang Goat Meat

Edy Susanto1,*, Mudawamah2, Firman Jaya3 and Muhammad Fathul Amin1

1 Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Islam Lamongan, Lamongan, Indonesia 

2 Departemen of Animal Science, Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Islam Malang, Malang, Indonesia

3 Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia

(*Corresponding author’s e-mail: edysusanto@unisla.ac.id)

Received: 11 September 2020, Revised: 24 September 2021, Accepted: 30 September 2021

Abstract

The characteristic of local quality goat meat in every country had been researched including in Indonesia. This research aimed to determine the properties of physical and chemical of Kacang goat meat as the character of goat meat and it could be a reference for comparison of the various quality goat meat in the world. Materials and methods: The study was conducted in Lamongan Regency, East Java, Indonesia on 40 male and female Kacang goat meat samples and at the loin and round section. The sampling was done by purposive random sampling methods. The research method was a laboratory exploratory. The observed variables were pH, Water Holding Capacity (WHC), cooking loss, shear force, 

Proximate and functional group characteristics with FTIR. The results: The range of physicochemical properties of Kacang goat meat covers: pH = 6.02 ± 0.09 to 6.13 ± 0.13, WHC = 35.22 ± 0.83 – 35.41 ± 0.88 %, Cooking Loss = 33.24 ± 0.85 – 35.40 ± 1.51 %, shear force = 5.50 ± 0.07 – 5.59 ± 0.1 kg/cm2. The proximate value of Kacang goat meat were: Water content = 77.20 ± 0.19 – 77.35 ± 0.54 %, Protein = 18.60 ± 0.35 – 20.08 ± 0.19 %, Fat = 4.50 ± 0.41 – 4.69 ± 0.20 %, Energy = 749.71 ± 9.43 Kcal/kg – 762.18 ± 12.18 Kcal/kg, Ash = 1.81 ± 0.16 – 1.90 ± 0.04 %. FTIR spectroscopy of Kacang goat meat showed wavelengths at peak absorption ranging from 700.16 to 2,956.87 cm–1. Conclusion: There was a variated of physicochemical and characteristics of the functional group Kacang goat meat in Indonesia, especially based on sex and section of meat.

Keywords: Physicochemical properties, FTIR, Functional groups, Kacang goat meat

 

Estimation of Repeatabilityand the Most Probable Producing Ability (MPPA) Based on Birth Weight and Weaning Weight for Ranking of Sapudi Sheep

A.A. Mirella, Mudawamah*, and Sumartono
Fakultas Peternakan Universitas Islam Malang
*Corresponding Author : mudawamah@unisma.ac.id

ABSTRACT

This study was conducted to estimate the repeatability and MPPA values of Sapudi ewe based on birth weight and weaning weight. Samples used 93 Sapudi lambs from 26 ewes that lambed three times, and the observed variables were lambing weight and weaning weight. Collected data were analyzed quantitatively. Estimating repeatability by analyzing the variance of the relationship between sibling and parental rank was based on the
relative MPPA formula.. The results showed that the average lambing and weaning weights were 2.789±0.206 kg and 10.058±1.470 kg. The repeatability of lambing and weaning weight were 0.108±0.119, and 0.565±0.104 belonged to the low and high categories. The average MPPA of lambing and weaning weight were 0.001 and
0.087. MPPA values of lambing and weaning weight range from -0.087 to 0.075 and -1.721 to 2.713. The highest ranking of the Sapudi ewe in lambing and weaning weight is ear tag 103 and ear tag 27 with MPPA 0.075 and 2.713. It can be concluded that there were 11 ewes with MPPA lambing and weaning weight above the average MPPA population that should be maintained in the population.

Key words: Ewe, genetic parameter, quantitative traits

HIP SIZES ANALYSIS AT VARIOUS PARITY IN INDONESIAN LOCAL ETTAWAH GOATS AS A SELECTION BASIS OF DOE CANDIDATES

Authors:
Mudawamah Mudawamah*, Villa Vavilla , Dedi Suryanto and Mohammad Zainul Fadli ,Indonesia

Abstract:

The study aimed to determine the hip size of Indonesian Local Ettawah Goats (Peranakan Ettawah or PE) from various parity as a selection criterion for candidate goats that could be kidding without dystocia. This research method was a case study with purposive sampling that chose healthy reproductive goats marked by normal category relation with the duration of pregnancy, the age of first pregnancy, and the kidding process. Variable observed was hip length and width, and data analysis used descriptive analysis through mean and variance as well as one-way variance analysis. Hip measurement of Indonesian Local Ettawah Goats from 1st to fifth parity showed the average hip-length ranged from 82-85.67 cm and hip height varied between 19.60-21.33 cm. The variance analysis showed that the types of parity had a very significant difference (P < 0.01) on the height hips but had significant difference (P < 0.05) on the width-hips, with the variance of hip height and width, ranged 0.33-5.90 and 0.33-1.00. Hip height and width increased as high parity (1st until 3rd), while 4th and 5th parity were relatively constant in hip size. Determination coefficients between parity and hip height and width were 35,00 % and 36,30 %. This study concluded that the variance of hip width was smaller (more consistent) than the hip height of Indonesian Local Ettawah Goats. One of the basic selection criteria for Indonesian Local Ettawah doe candidates was hip-width with 19,60 cm or more.

source

EKSPRESI GEN TYROSINASE (TYR) TERHADAP SIFAT KUALITATIF DAN SIFAT KUANTITATIF PUYUH (Cortunix cortunix japonica)

The Tyrosinase Gene (TYR) Expressions on Qualitative and Quantitative Traits of Quails (Cortunix cortunix japonica)
Fitriyah1), Mudawamah*1), Sumartono 1)
1) Program Magister Peternakan Universitas Islam Malang, Jl. MT Haryono 193 Malang
*Corresponding Author : mudawamah@unisma.ac.id

Submitted 22 Desember 2021, Accepted 30 Desember 2021

ABSTRACT

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa pengaruh sifat kualitatif warna bulu terhadap sifat kuantitatif serta hubungan antara gen TYR dengan sifat kualitatif dan kuantitatif puyuh Cortunix cortunix japonica. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif analitik. Materi yang digunakan adalah 222 ekor puyuh Cortunix cortunix japonica yang dipelihara di Pasuruan. Pengamatan ekspresi gen TYR melalui analisa qPCR sebanyak 21 sampel dengan primer gen TYR. Analisa data menggunakan analisis ragam satu arah dan dilanjutkan dengan uji BNT. Sifat kualitatif yang diamati adalah warna bulu coklat muda (CM), coklat tua (CT) dan Hitam (H). Pengamatan sifat kuantitatif meliputi panjang tarsometatarsus (PTM), panjang tibia (PT), panjang sayap (PS), lingkar dada (LD) dan bobot badan (BB). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa warna bulu berpengaruh sangat nyata (P < 0,01) terhadap sifat kuantitatif puyuh, warna bulu H mempunyai sifat kuantitatif sangat nyata lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan puyuh CM dan CT. Rataan ekspresi gen TYR hasil qPCR dengan nilai tertinggi pada warna bulu H sebesar 2,44 dan diikuti oleh CM 1,73, sedangkan terendah pada CT 2,19. Semakin tinggi nilai kuantifikasi gen TYR maka semakin gelap warna bulu puyuh dan
semakin tinggi nilai sifat kuantitatif ukuran tubuh.

Kata kunci : Gen TYR, warna bulu, ukuran tubuh, qPCR, puyuh

PRODUKSI DAN BERAT TELUR PADA AYAM STRAIN NOVOGEN BERDASARKAN VARIASI WARNA BULU DAN KUANTIFIKASI GEN TYR (TYROSINASE)

Egg Production and Weight of Novogen Strain Chicken Based on Variations of Feather Color and Tyrosinase (TYR) Gene Quantification
Afidhatul Masruroh1) , Mudawamah*1), Inggit Kentjonowaty1)
1) Program Studi Peternakan Universitas Islam Malang
*Correspondent
Author: mudawamah@unisma.ac.id

Submitted 22 Desember 2021, Accepted 30 Desember 2021

ABSTRAK

Penelitian ini dilakukan di peternakan ayam petelur strain Novogen milik Bapak Hidayat dan laboratorium Biomolekuler UNISMA. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisa perbedaan produksi dan berat telur pada berbagai fase produksi dilihat dari variasi warna bulu dan kuantifikasi TYR. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif analitik melalui studi kasus di peternakan ayam petelur dan analisis laboratoium. Sampel yang digunakan untuk data produksi dan berat telur sebanyak 217 ekor ayam petelur dengan warna bulu yang berbeda (39 ekor ayam warna bulu coklat variasi putih (CVP), 58 ekor ayam warna bulu coklat muda (CM), dan 120 ekor ayam warna bulu coklat tua (CT). Kuantifikasi gen TYR menggunakan 27 sampel bulu ayam petelur (9 ulangan dari masing-masing warna bulu). Variabel yang diamati adalah produksi telur pada tiga tahap berbeda (tahap I: umur 18-28, tahap II: umur 29-36, dan tahap III : umur 37-44 minggu), berat telur pada umur berbeda (U1 : 28, U2 : 36, dan U3 : 44 minggu). Analisis data dengan ragam satu arah dan uji beda nyata terkecil (BNT) dan qPCR dengan primer gen TYR. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan produksi dan berat telur pada berbagai warna bulu berbeda sangat nyata (P<0,01). Rataan tertinggi produksi dan berat telur pada warna bulu CT dan rataan terendah pada warna bulu CM. Di sisi lain berbagai warna bulu mempunyai nilai kuantifikasi gen TYR yang berbeda dengan nilai kuantifikasi warna bulu CT tertinggi yaitu 4,17, warna bulu CVP dan CM berturut-turut sebesar 4,02 dan 1,88. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah semakin tinggi nilai rataan TYR maka semakin gelap warna bulu ayam strain Novogen yang diikuti dengan semakin tinggi produksi dan berat telur yang dihasilkan dari berbagai fase produksi.

Kata kunci: Ayam petelur, qPCR, kuantitas telur, warna bulu

PERBANDINGAN KADAR DAN VARIASI FENOTIPE ALBUMIN INDUK BERANAK KEMBAR DAN TUNGGAL PADA DOMBA SAPUDI, DORMAS, DAN SUFFAS

Albumin Comparison of Twin and Single lambing in Sapudi, Dormas and Suffas Ewes
Yudi Hartoyo1), Mudawamah 1*), Sumartono1)
1) Program Pascasarjana Peternakan Universitas Islam Malang, Fakultas Peternakan
Universitas islam Malang, Jl. MT Haryono 193 Malang
*Coresponding Autor: mudawamah@unisma.ac.id

Submitted 22 Desember 2021, Accepted 30 Desember 2021

ABSTRAK

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah membandingkan kadar albumin dari plasma darah induk domba Sapudi, Dormas, dan Suffas yang beranak kembar (IBK) dan tunggal (IBT). Metode penelitian adalah studi kasus dengan pengambilan sampel dilaksanakan di UPT Pembibitan Ternak dan Hijauan Makanan Ternak Jember Dinas Peternakan Provinsi Jawa Timur. Sampel yang digunakan domba Sapudi dan Dormas dan Suffas. Analisa Albumin dengan menggunakan Bromcresol Green (Albumin Darah),. Analisa data dengan menggunakan SPSS16 ANOVA Single Faktor dan uji lanjut menggunakan LSD (Least Significance Different). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan nilai rataan konsentrasi albumin domba Sapudi kelahiran kembar dan tunggal mempunyai nilai rataan sama hanya pada simpangan baku yaitu 3,83±0,68 g/dL dan 3,83± 0,53 g/dL. Kadar albumin pada bangsa domba Dormas adalah IBK = 4,43±0,92 g/dL dan IBT= 3,78±0,43 g/dL. Domba Suffas mempunyai kadar albumin 5,05±0,72 g/dL (IBK) dan 4,12± 0,66 g/dL(IBT). Berdasarkan uji t tidak berpasangan kadar albumin darah antara induk domba Sapudi, Dormas dan Suffas kelahiran tunggal dan kembar tidak menunjukkan perbedaan yang nyata (P > 0,05). Tetapi dilihat dari nilai rataan
ada kecenderungan kadar albumin induk kelahiran kembar pada domba Dormas dan Suffas lebih tinggi 17,20% dan 22,20%. Sebaliknya berdasarkan variasi fenotipe albumin induk kelahiran kembar lebih bervariasi 8,82-66,15% dibandingkan dengan induk beranak tunggal baik pada Sapudi, Dormas, maupun Suffas. Kesimpulan adalah kadar dan variasi fenotipe albumin induk kembar cenderung tertinggi adalah Suffas, diikuti dengan Dormas dan teredah pada domba Sapudi. Sebaliknya kadar dan variasi fenotipe albumin induk beranak tunggal cenderung tertinggi adalah Suffas, Sapudi dan terendah adalah Dormas. Ini berarti induk domba Sapudi mempunyai potensi fisiologis lebih baik untuk kelahiran kembar daripada domba Suffas dan Dormas. Pengembangan
induk domba Sapudi kelahiran kembar harus menjadi salah satu kriteria prioritas seleksi.

Kata kunci: Domba, albumin, sapudi, dormas, suffas

PHENOTYPE PROFILE OF ONE YEAR BODY WEIGHT AT INDONESIAN LOCAL ETTAWAH GOATS IN FRATERNAL TWINS

Mudawamah 1*, Didik Roihuddin2, Nurul Humaidah2, Zulchaidi2, Sumartono2, and Gatot Ciptadi3
1Postgraduate of Animal Husbandry, University of Islam Malang, Indonesia
2Faculty of Animal Husbandry, University of Islam Malang, Indonesia
3Faculty of Animal Husbandry, Brawijaya University Malang, Indonesia
Corresponding email: mudawamah@unisma.ac.id

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to describe the phenotypic profile of body weight at one yearof male and female came from fraternal twins in Indonesian Local Ettawah Goat (ILEG) or PE Goat. This research method was a case study with data retrieval using purposive sampling with the criteria of male and female fraternal twins. The variables observed were the average and variance of body weight in fraternal twin goats at one year. Data analysed descriptive and unpaired t-test with excel program. The results showed that male goats’ body weight at one year of age was significantly (P < 0.01) higher than that of female goats at fraternal twins. At one year of age, the body weight variance in male goats was higher than that of female goats at fraternal twins. The conclusion was that the phenotype profile of male ILEG goats was more varied, seen from the average and diversity of body weight, which was 15.37% and 52.24% higher than females. This research implies that feeding male goats should be based on body weight, not on age, to increase their potential optimally.

Keyword: PE Goat, twin, variance, body weight

Magister Peternakan Unisma Malang Optimalkan Hasil Produksi Melalui Kajian Gen Tyr pada Unggas

Di tengah pandemi Dosen dan Mahasiswa Program Magister Peternakan Unisma Malang terus berinovasi. Kali ini, inovasinya tercetus melalui penelitian dalam bentuk research group Animal Molecular Genetics, oleh tim yang di ketuai  Dr. Ir. Mudawamah, M.Si  dan beranggotakan Afidatul Masruroh dan Fitriyah.

Dr. Ir. Mudawamah, M.Si , Dosen Magister Pertanian Unisma sekaligus ketua research group menuturkan bahwa kegiatan ini ialah salah satu payung penelitian kajian gen Tyrosinase (TYR) pada unggas sebagai dasar pijakan manajemen pemeliharaan, khususnya pakan. “Selama ini pemberian pakan pada unggas selalu disamakan dan berpengaruh pada hasil produksi,” ujarnya.

Terhalang situasi lockdown, membuat mahasiswa tidak bisa melakukan penelitian jarak jauh. Timbul ide melakukan penelitian tanpa perlu akses keluar kota dan disepakati untuk melakukan penelitian di tempat tinggal masing-masing.

Lebih lanjut, Dr. Ir. Mudawamah, M.Si menuturkan untuk penelitian ini disepakati, Afidaful Masruroh meneliti ternak Ayam Ras Petelur Novogen milik keluarganya di karangploso, Kabupaten Malang. Sedangkan Fitriyah meneliti ternak ras Puyuh Cortunix cortunix japonica di peternakan tempatnya bekerja di SMKN 1 Grati, Pasuruan.

Melalui penelitian ini dapat ditarik kesimpulan bahwa harus ada manajemen pakan yang berbeda pada ayam ras dan puyuh karena memiliki gen TYR yang berbeda. “Melalui penelitian ini, Gen TYR dapat dibedakan berdasarkan warna bulu. Unggas dengan warna bulu cerah mempunyai gen TYR cenderung rendah. Jadi harus mendapatkan perlakuan khusus dengan memberikan pakan sumber melamin sehingga hasil produksi bisa lebih optimal,” terang Mudawamah, Dosen Magister Pertanian Unisma Malang. Perlu diketahui, hasil penelitian ini telah dipublikasikan dijurnal nasional shinta 3. (*)

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Dosen Peternakan Gandeng Mahasiswa S2 Untuk Kembangkan Pejantan Kambing PE Unggul

Kambing PE merupakan salah satu ternak lokal Indonesia yg sudah diakui secara nasional. Untuk itu perlu optimalisasi potensi kambing PE melalui potensi keunggulan pejantannya. Pejantan berkontribusi lebih besar dlm distribusi genetik dibandingkan dengan betina, dengan kawin alam satu ekor pejantan mampu mengawini 10 ekor betina. Untuk itu perlu dilakukan evaluasi genetik pejantan kambing PE sehingga manpu membantu mempercepat peningkatan kualitas genetik pejantan.

Ibu Mudawamah (Dosen Fapet Unisma) dan P. Zulchaidi (alumni S1 dan S2 Fapet Unisma)

Growth response and vital statistics of fat and thin tailed sheep with soybean husk supplements in Malang District

M Nasich1, G Ciptadi1, A Budiarto1, SB Siswijono1, Hermanto1, A Ridhowi1, Mudawamah2, DKH Widjaja1, ARI Putri1 , HN Karima3, S Septian1 and AM Ramadhan 1

1 Faculty of Animal Husbandery, Brawijaya University, Malang, East Java, Indonesia

2 Faculty of Animal Husbandery, University of Islam Malang, East Java, Indonesia

3 Central Laboratory of Life Science, Brawijaya University, Malang, East Java, Indonesia

E-mail:nasich@ub.ac.id

Abstract. This study aimed to determine the pattern of body weight gain and vital statistical measures of fat sheep and thin tails and to determine the response of local sheep production to the provision of soybean meal/skin. The method used in this research is a case study and experimental. The sampling technique is done by a simple random method on vital statistical measures performed by measuring the chest (using a measuring tape) and body length (usingmeasuring stick). The tabulated data were first analyzed for homogeneity and normality, which were then tested by an independent sample t-test using SPSS. As for the growth response, the material used was 16 male FTS and TTS aged under one year. Daily body weight growth between Fat tail Sheep (FTS) and Thin Tail Sheep (TTS) showed very significant differences (P <0.01). Statistical analysis showed that body length between FTS and TTS had no difference (P> 0.05), chest circumference between FTS, and TTS; there was no difference (P>0.05). Adding bodyweight FTS and TTS were respectively 93.29 ± 26.73 g / head / day and 78.18 ± 27.01 g / head / day. The FTS and TTS bodies’ length was 49.81 ± 4.06 cm and 49.34 ± 4.80 cm, respectively, while the chest circumference between FTS and TTS was 63.61 ± 3.98 cm and 62, respectively. 17 ± 4.10 cm. The daily body weight gain of rams fed with additional soybean husk feed statistically results obtained significant differences (P <0.05), the results of the study showed that the Daily Weight Gain (DWG) FTS male respectively P0, P1, P2, and P3 groups respectively namely: 105.07 ± 3.58; 118.08 ± 2.65; 140.38 ± 4.40; 155.01 ± 4.01 ghead/day. The results showed that the feed efficiency of male rams in each group P0, P1, P2, and P3 were: 7.84 ± 0.27; 8.25 ± 0.18; 9.27 ± 0.29; and 9.75 ± 0.32%. While for TTS also obtained a significant difference (P <0.05) DWG at P0, P1, P2, P3 is 101.02 ± 2.18; 116.9 ± 2.88; 127.82 ± 3.20; 140.31 ± 2.41 g / head / day, so that the efficiency of feed obtained for TTS is P0, P1, P2, P3 respectively 6 ± 0.19; 7.14 ± 0.11; 8.87 ± 0.22; 9.85 ± 0.12. It was concluded that the provision of soybean meal had a significant positive effect on growth and vital statistics, both for sheep with fat tails and thin tails.